/*
    *    Copyright 2009-2023 the original author or authors.
    *
    *    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
    *    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
    *    You may obtain a copy of the License at
    *
    *       https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    *
   *    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   *    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   *    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   *    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   *    limitations under the License.
   */
  package org.apache.ibatis.jdbc;
  
  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.Arrays;
  import java.util.Collections;
  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.function.BooleanSupplier;
  import java.util.function.Consumer;
  
  /**
   * @author Clinton Begin
   * @author Jeff Butler
   * @author Adam Gent
   * @author Kazuki Shimizu
   */
  public abstract class AbstractSQL<T> {
  
    private static final String AND = ") \nAND (";
    private static final String OR = ") \nOR (";
  
    private final SQLStatement sql = new SQLStatement();
  
    public abstract T getSelf();
  
    public T UPDATE(String table) {
      sql().statementType = SQLStatement.StatementType.UPDATE;
      sql().tables.add(table);
      return getSelf();
    }
  
    public T SET(String sets) {
      sql().sets.add(sets);
      return getSelf();
    }
  
    /**
     * Sets the.
     *
     * @param sets
     *          the sets
     *
     * @return the t
     *
     * @since 3.4.2
     */
    public T SET(String... sets) {
      sql().sets.addAll(Arrays.asList(sets));
      return getSelf();
    }
  
    public T INSERT_INTO(String tableName) {
      sql().statementType = SQLStatement.StatementType.INSERT;
      sql().tables.add(tableName);
      return getSelf();
    }
  
    public T VALUES(String columns, String values) {
      INTO_COLUMNS(columns);
      INTO_VALUES(values);
      return getSelf();
    }
  
    /**
     * Into columns.
     *
     * @param columns
     *          the columns
     *
     * @return the t
     *
     * @since 3.4.2
     */
    public T INTO_COLUMNS(String... columns) {
      sql().columns.addAll(Arrays.asList(columns));
      return getSelf();
    }
  
    /**
     * Into values.
     *
     * @param values
     *          the values
     *
    * @return the t
    *
    * @since 3.4.2
    */
   public T INTO_VALUES(String... values) {
     List<String> list = sql().valuesList.get(sql().valuesList.size() - 1);
     Collections.addAll(list, values);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T SELECT(String columns) {
     sql().statementType = SQLStatement.StatementType.SELECT;
     sql().select.add(columns);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Select.
    *
    * @param columns
    *          the columns
    *
    * @return the t
    *
    * @since 3.4.2
    */
   public T SELECT(String... columns) {
     sql().statementType = SQLStatement.StatementType.SELECT;
     sql().select.addAll(Arrays.asList(columns));
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T SELECT_DISTINCT(String columns) {
     sql().distinct = true;
     SELECT(columns);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Select distinct.
    *
    * @param columns
    *          the columns
    *
    * @return the t
    *
    * @since 3.4.2
    */
   public T SELECT_DISTINCT(String... columns) {
     sql().distinct = true;
     SELECT(columns);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T DELETE_FROM(String table) {
     sql().statementType = SQLStatement.StatementType.DELETE;
     sql().tables.add(table);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T FROM(String table) {
     sql().tables.add(table);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * From.
    *
    * @param tables
    *          the tables
    *
    * @return the t
    *
    * @since 3.4.2
    */
   public T FROM(String... tables) {
     sql().tables.addAll(Arrays.asList(tables));
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T JOIN(String join) {
     sql().join.add(join);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Join.
    *
    * @param joins
    *          the joins
    *
    * @return the t
    *
    * @since 3.4.2
    */
   public T JOIN(String... joins) {
     sql().join.addAll(Arrays.asList(joins));
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T INNER_JOIN(String join) {
     sql().innerJoin.add(join);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Inner join.
    *
    * @param joins
    *          the joins
    *
    * @return the t
    *
    * @since 3.4.2
    */
   public T INNER_JOIN(String... joins) {
     sql().innerJoin.addAll(Arrays.asList(joins));
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T LEFT_OUTER_JOIN(String join) {
     sql().leftOuterJoin.add(join);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Left outer join.
    *
    * @param joins
    *          the joins
    *
    * @return the t
    *
    * @since 3.4.2
    */
   public T LEFT_OUTER_JOIN(String... joins) {
     sql().leftOuterJoin.addAll(Arrays.asList(joins));
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T RIGHT_OUTER_JOIN(String join) {
     sql().rightOuterJoin.add(join);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Right outer join.
    *
    * @param joins
    *          the joins
    *
    * @return the t
    *
    * @since 3.4.2
    */
   public T RIGHT_OUTER_JOIN(String... joins) {
     sql().rightOuterJoin.addAll(Arrays.asList(joins));
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T OUTER_JOIN(String join) {
     sql().outerJoin.add(join);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Outer join.
    *
    * @param joins
    *          the joins
    *
    * @return the t
    *
    * @since 3.4.2
    */
   public T OUTER_JOIN(String... joins) {
     sql().outerJoin.addAll(Arrays.asList(joins));
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T WHERE(String conditions) {
     sql().where.add(conditions);
     sql().lastList = sql().where;
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Where.
    *
    * @param conditions
    *          the conditions
    *
    * @return the t
    *
    * @since 3.4.2
    */
   public T WHERE(String... conditions) {
     sql().where.addAll(Arrays.asList(conditions));
     sql().lastList = sql().where;
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T OR() {
     sql().lastList.add(OR);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T AND() {
     sql().lastList.add(AND);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T GROUP_BY(String columns) {
     sql().groupBy.add(columns);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Group by.
    *
    * @param columns
    *          the columns
    *
    * @return the t
    *
    * @since 3.4.2
    */
   public T GROUP_BY(String... columns) {
     sql().groupBy.addAll(Arrays.asList(columns));
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T HAVING(String conditions) {
     sql().having.add(conditions);
     sql().lastList = sql().having;
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Having.
    *
    * @param conditions
    *          the conditions
    *
    * @return the t
    *
    * @since 3.4.2
    */
   public T HAVING(String... conditions) {
     sql().having.addAll(Arrays.asList(conditions));
     sql().lastList = sql().having;
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   public T ORDER_BY(String columns) {
     sql().orderBy.add(columns);
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Order by.
    *
    * @param columns
    *          the columns
    *
    * @return the t
    *
    * @since 3.4.2
    */
   public T ORDER_BY(String... columns) {
     sql().orderBy.addAll(Arrays.asList(columns));
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Set the limit variable string(e.g. {@code "#{limit}"}).
    *
    * @param variable
    *          a limit variable string
    *
    * @return a self instance
    *
    * @see #OFFSET(String)
    *
    * @since 3.5.2
    */
   public T LIMIT(String variable) {
     sql().limit = variable;
     sql().limitingRowsStrategy = SQLStatement.LimitingRowsStrategy.OFFSET_LIMIT;
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Set the limit value.
    *
    * @param value
    *          an offset value
    *
    * @return a self instance
    *
    * @see #OFFSET(long)
    *
    * @since 3.5.2
    */
   public T LIMIT(int value) {
     return LIMIT(String.valueOf(value));
   }
 
   /**
    * Set the offset variable string(e.g. {@code "#{offset}"}).
    *
    * @param variable
    *          a offset variable string
    *
    * @return a self instance
    *
    * @see #LIMIT(String)
    *
    * @since 3.5.2
    */
   public T OFFSET(String variable) {
     sql().offset = variable;
     sql().limitingRowsStrategy = SQLStatement.LimitingRowsStrategy.OFFSET_LIMIT;
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Set the offset value.
    *
    * @param value
    *          an offset value
    *
    * @return a self instance
    *
    * @see #LIMIT(int)
    *
    * @since 3.5.2
    */
   public T OFFSET(long value) {
     return OFFSET(String.valueOf(value));
   }
 
   /**
    * Set the fetch first rows variable string(e.g. {@code "#{fetchFirstRows}"}).
    *
    * @param variable
    *          a fetch first rows variable string
    *
    * @return a self instance
    *
    * @see #OFFSET_ROWS(String)
    *
    * @since 3.5.2
    */
   public T FETCH_FIRST_ROWS_ONLY(String variable) {
     sql().limit = variable;
     sql().limitingRowsStrategy = SQLStatement.LimitingRowsStrategy.ISO;
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Set the fetch first rows value.
    *
    * @param value
    *          a fetch first rows value
    *
    * @return a self instance
    *
    * @see #OFFSET_ROWS(long)
    *
    * @since 3.5.2
    */
   public T FETCH_FIRST_ROWS_ONLY(int value) {
     return FETCH_FIRST_ROWS_ONLY(String.valueOf(value));
   }
 
   /**
    * Set the offset rows variable string(e.g. {@code "#{offset}"}).
    *
    * @param variable
    *          a offset rows variable string
    *
    * @return a self instance
    *
    * @see #FETCH_FIRST_ROWS_ONLY(String)
    *
    * @since 3.5.2
    */
   public T OFFSET_ROWS(String variable) {
     sql().offset = variable;
     sql().limitingRowsStrategy = SQLStatement.LimitingRowsStrategy.ISO;
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   /**
    * Set the offset rows value.
    *
    * @param value
    *          an offset rows value
    *
    * @return a self instance
    *
    * @see #FETCH_FIRST_ROWS_ONLY(int)
    *
    * @since 3.5.2
    */
   public T OFFSET_ROWS(long value) {
     return OFFSET_ROWS(String.valueOf(value));
   }
 
   /**
    * used to add a new inserted row while do multi-row insert.
    *
    * @return the t
    *
    * @since 3.5.2
    */
   public T ADD_ROW() {
     sql().valuesList.add(new ArrayList<>());
     return getSelf();
   }
 
   private SQLStatement sql() {
     return sql;
   }
 
   public <A extends Appendable> A usingAppender(A a) {
     sql().sql(a);
     return a;
   }
 
   /**
    * Apply sql phrases that provide by SQL consumer if condition is matches.
    *
    * @param applyCondition
    *          if {@code true} apply sql phrases
    * @param sqlConsumer
    *          a consumer that append sql phrase to SQL instance
    *
    * @return a self instance
    *
    * @see #applyIf(BooleanSupplier, Consumer)
    *
    * @since 3.5.15
    */
   public T applyIf(boolean applyCondition, Consumer<T> sqlConsumer) {
     T self = getSelf();
     if (applyCondition) {
       sqlConsumer.accept(self);
     }
     return self;
   }
 
   /**
    * Apply sql phrases that provide by SQL consumer if condition is matches.
    *
    * @param applyConditionSupplier
    *          if supplier return {@code true} apply sql phrases
    * @param sqlConsumer
    *          a consumer that append sql phrase to SQL instance
    *
    * @return a self instance
    *
    * @see #applyIf(boolean, Consumer)
    *
    * @since 3.5.15
    */
   public T applyIf(BooleanSupplier applyConditionSupplier, Consumer<T> sqlConsumer) {
     return applyIf(applyConditionSupplier.getAsBoolean(), sqlConsumer);
   }
 
   /**
    * Apply sql phrases that provide by SQL consumer for iterable.
    *
    * @param iterable
    *          an iterable
    * @param forEachSqlConsumer
    *          a consumer that append sql phrase to SQL instance
    *
    * @return a self instance
    *
    * @param <E>
    *          element type of iterable
    *
    * @since 3.5.15
    */
   public <E> T applyForEach(Iterable<E> iterable, ForEachConsumer<T, E> forEachSqlConsumer) {
     T self = getSelf();
     int elementIndex = 0;
     for (E element : iterable) {
       forEachSqlConsumer.accept(self, element, elementIndex);
       elementIndex++;
     }
     return self;
   }
 
   @Override
   public String toString() {
     StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
     sql().sql(sb);
     return sb.toString();
   }
 
   private static class SafeAppendable {
     private final Appendable appendable;
     private boolean empty = true;
 
     public SafeAppendable(Appendable a) {
       this.appendable = a;
     }
 
     public SafeAppendable append(CharSequence s) {
       try {
         if (empty && s.length() > 0) {
           empty = false;
         }
         appendable.append(s);
       } catch (IOException e) {
         throw new RuntimeException(e);
       }
       return this;
     }
 
     public boolean isEmpty() {
       return empty;
     }
 
   }
 
   private static class SQLStatement {
 
     public enum StatementType {
 
       DELETE,
 
       INSERT,
 
       SELECT,
 
       UPDATE
 
     }
 
     private enum LimitingRowsStrategy {
       NOP {
         @Override
         protected void appendClause(SafeAppendable builder, String offset, String limit) {
           // NOP
         }
       },
       ISO {
         @Override
         protected void appendClause(SafeAppendable builder, String offset, String limit) {
           if (offset != null) {
             builder.append(" OFFSET ").append(offset).append(" ROWS");
           }
           if (limit != null) {
             builder.append(" FETCH FIRST ").append(limit).append(" ROWS ONLY");
           }
         }
       },
       OFFSET_LIMIT {
         @Override
         protected void appendClause(SafeAppendable builder, String offset, String limit) {
           if (limit != null) {
             builder.append(" LIMIT ").append(limit);
           }
           if (offset != null) {
             builder.append(" OFFSET ").append(offset);
           }
         }
       };
 
       protected abstract void appendClause(SafeAppendable builder, String offset, String limit);
 
     }
 
     StatementType statementType;
     List<String> sets = new ArrayList<>();
     List<String> select = new ArrayList<>();
     List<String> tables = new ArrayList<>();
     List<String> join = new ArrayList<>();
     List<String> innerJoin = new ArrayList<>();
     List<String> outerJoin = new ArrayList<>();
     List<String> leftOuterJoin = new ArrayList<>();
     List<String> rightOuterJoin = new ArrayList<>();
     List<String> where = new ArrayList<>();
     List<String> having = new ArrayList<>();
     List<String> groupBy = new ArrayList<>();
     List<String> orderBy = new ArrayList<>();
     List<String> lastList = new ArrayList<>();
     List<String> columns = new ArrayList<>();
     List<List<String>> valuesList = new ArrayList<>();
     boolean distinct;
     String offset;
     String limit;
     LimitingRowsStrategy limitingRowsStrategy = LimitingRowsStrategy.NOP;
 
     public SQLStatement() {
       // Prevent Synthetic Access
       valuesList.add(new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     private void sqlClause(SafeAppendable builder, String keyword, List<String> parts, String open, String close,
         String conjunction) {
       if (!parts.isEmpty()) {
         if (!builder.isEmpty()) {
           builder.append("\n");
         }
         builder.append(keyword);
         builder.append(" ");
         builder.append(open);
         String last = "________";
         for (int i = 0, n = parts.size(); i < n; i++) {
           String part = parts.get(i);
           if (i > 0 && !part.equals(AND) && !part.equals(OR) && !last.equals(AND) && !last.equals(OR)) {
             builder.append(conjunction);
           }
           builder.append(part);
           last = part;
         }
         builder.append(close);
       }
     }
 
     private String selectSQL(SafeAppendable builder) {
       if (distinct) {
         sqlClause(builder, "SELECT DISTINCT", select, "", "", ", ");
       } else {
         sqlClause(builder, "SELECT", select, "", "", ", ");
       }
 
       sqlClause(builder, "FROM", tables, "", "", ", ");
       joins(builder);
       sqlClause(builder, "WHERE", where, "(", ")", " AND ");
       sqlClause(builder, "GROUP BY", groupBy, "", "", ", ");
       sqlClause(builder, "HAVING", having, "(", ")", " AND ");
       sqlClause(builder, "ORDER BY", orderBy, "", "", ", ");
       limitingRowsStrategy.appendClause(builder, offset, limit);
       return builder.toString();
     }
 
     private void joins(SafeAppendable builder) {
       sqlClause(builder, "JOIN", join, "", "", "\nJOIN ");
       sqlClause(builder, "INNER JOIN", innerJoin, "", "", "\nINNER JOIN ");
       sqlClause(builder, "OUTER JOIN", outerJoin, "", "", "\nOUTER JOIN ");
       sqlClause(builder, "LEFT OUTER JOIN", leftOuterJoin, "", "", "\nLEFT OUTER JOIN ");
       sqlClause(builder, "RIGHT OUTER JOIN", rightOuterJoin, "", "", "\nRIGHT OUTER JOIN ");
     }
 
     private String insertSQL(SafeAppendable builder) {
       sqlClause(builder, "INSERT INTO", tables, "", "", "");
       sqlClause(builder, "", columns, "(", ")", ", ");
       for (int i = 0; i < valuesList.size(); i++) {
         sqlClause(builder, i > 0 ? "," : "VALUES", valuesList.get(i), "(", ")", ", ");
       }
       return builder.toString();
     }
 
     private String deleteSQL(SafeAppendable builder) {
       sqlClause(builder, "DELETE FROM", tables, "", "", "");
       sqlClause(builder, "WHERE", where, "(", ")", " AND ");
       limitingRowsStrategy.appendClause(builder, null, limit);
       return builder.toString();
     }
 
     private String updateSQL(SafeAppendable builder) {
       sqlClause(builder, "UPDATE", tables, "", "", "");
       joins(builder);
       sqlClause(builder, "SET", sets, "", "", ", ");
       sqlClause(builder, "WHERE", where, "(", ")", " AND ");
       limitingRowsStrategy.appendClause(builder, null, limit);
       return builder.toString();
     }
 
     public String sql(Appendable a) {
       SafeAppendable builder = new SafeAppendable(a);
       if (statementType == null) {
         return null;
       }
 
       String answer;
 
       switch (statementType) {
         case DELETE:
           answer = deleteSQL(builder);
           break;
 
         case INSERT:
           answer = insertSQL(builder);
           break;
 
         case SELECT:
           answer = selectSQL(builder);
           break;
 
         case UPDATE:
           answer = updateSQL(builder);
           break;
 
         default:
           answer = null;
       }
 
       return answer;
     }
   }
 
   /**
    * Consumer for 'forEach' operation.
    *
    * @param <T>
    *          SQL type
    * @param <E>
    *          Element type of iterable
    *
    * @since 3.5.15
    */
   public interface ForEachConsumer<T, E> {
 
     /**
      * Accept an iterable element with index.
      *
      * @param sql
      *          SQL instance
      * @param element
      *          an iterable element
      * @param elementIndex
      *          an element index
      */
     void accept(T sql, E element, int elementIndex);
 
   }
 
 }